報告摘要:
The Little Bangs created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions share many characteristic features with the cosmological evolution after the Big Bang. They create a quark-gluon plasma - an extremely dense state of strongly interacting matter that flows like an almost perfect fluid. This allows to describe such heavy-ion collisions with dissipative relativistic fluid dynamics, supplemented by an early pre-hydrodynamic and a late kinetic freeze-out stage. I will demonstrate how quantum fluctuations in the initial state of the Little Bang propagate into the experimentally observed final state, manifesting themselves as fluctuations in the final flow pattern. A harmonic analysis of the final flows, their transverse momentum dependence and their flow angles (the "Little Bang flow fluctuation spectrum") provides detailed experimental information from which theory allows to extract with precision the spectrum of gluon fluctuations in the initial state, together with the transport coefficients of the quark-gluon plasma fluid created in the collisions.
報告人簡介:
Ulrich Heinz 教授任職于美國俄亥俄州立大學。他在德國法蘭克福大學獲博士學位,并先後就職于美國布魯克海文國家實驗室、德國雷根斯堡大學、歐洲核子研究中心和美國俄亥俄州立大學;2001年當選美國物理學會會士(APS fellow),2005年當選美國科學促進會會士(AAAS fellow);曾擔任國際知名刊物Physical Review Letters分部副主編、Nuclear Physics A副主編等。Ulrich Heinz 教授的研究領域為相對論重離子碰撞和誇克膠子等離子體。在近30年的時間裡,引領和推動了流體力學和輸運理論的發展,揭示了誇克膠子等離子體近完美流體的性質。
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