報告摘要:

Quarks are the point-like fundamental building blocks of hadrons, strongly-interacting particles. Quarks were first suggested by Gell-Mann and Zweig, to explain patterns observed in the hadronic spectra. Their existence has since been conclusively established by a series of subsequent beautiful experiments, recognized by several Nobel Prizes. Quarks are confined into hadrons by the strong interactions. Typical hadrons are baryons, like the proton and the neutron, consisting of three quarks, or mesons containing a quark and an antiquark.

Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of strong interactions also allows for the existence of unusual, "exotic" hadrons, such as tetraquarks and pentaquarks. The discovery of dozens of exotic hadrons during the past 20 years has led to a renaissance in hadron spectroscopy. In July 2021 the LHCb Collaboration announced the discovery of a new type of exotic hadron -- a doubly-charmed tetraquark $T_{cc}^+$, whose mass agrees precisely with a 2017 theoretical prediction.  I will discuss the recent related experimental and theoretical developments regarding new types of hadrons involving heavy quarks: tetraquark and pentaquark hadronic molecules, doubly heavy baryons, stable tetraquarks and others.

報告人簡介：

Marek Karliner教授任職于以色列特拉維夫大學，是粒子物理理論專家；近期成果包括對多種奇特強子态，即四誇克态和五誇克态性質的理論預言，其結果先後被歐洲核子研究中心和美國、中國、日本的多個大型實驗驗證。Marek Karliner教授現任特拉維夫大學粒子和場理論物理“Edouard and Francoise Jaupart”講席教授；自2015起，擔任特拉維夫大學高等研究院主任；2017年，當選為波蘭藝術與科學學院外籍院士；自2021年起，擔任以色列高能物理委員會主席和歐洲核子研究中心的以色列科學代表，并當選波蘭華沙大學監事會成員。2023年4月，當選以色列物理學會會士。

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