beat365官方网站學術論壇(第五十五講)
HOW TO PREDICT LIKELY MOLECULES, OR HOW NUCLEAR PHYSICISTS HELPED MOLECULAR CHEMISTS
如何預測可能的分子,核物理學家如何幫助分子化學家
Crystal structure prediction has become a widespread research tool with the development of the USPEX code (https://uspex-team.org) in 2006. Now, exciting extensions of this method to low-dimensional systems enable many interesting discoveries. In this talk I will discuss prediction of likely molecules.
Criteria for their prediction were borrowed from nuclear physics where a similar problem was posed – namely, how to explain/predict from simple principles the most abundant nuclei. The three resulting criteria are:
1. Lower energy compared to neighbors in the compositional space (+/- one proton or neutron, or +/- one atom of each kind).
2. Stability with respect to fission into two fragments.
3. Large excitation gap, which implies low polarizability and high kinetic stability.
I will show how these criteria work in molecular systems – such as Na-Cl and Si-O molecules, clusters of P, S, B. I will show how these criteria explain the existence of unusual carbon oxides and the diversity of organic molecules, with implications for the molecular origin of life.
報告人簡介:
阿特姆·奧加諾夫教授是國際知名的材料科學家,現任俄羅斯斯科爾科沃科學與技術研究院(Skoltech)傑出教授,并擁有多項重要學術榮譽:美國礦物學會會士、英國皇家化學會會士、美國物理學會會士、歐洲科學院院士、國際核心科學與人文研究院會士。他于2011年創立國際結晶學聯合會(IUCr)材料結晶學委員會,并于2011至2017年擔任首任主席,2017年起擔任顧問。當前研究領域已拓展至納米顆粒、二維材料及蛋白質結構預測。作為2022年度科睿唯安“全球高被引科學家”,迄今已發表345篇學術論文(含《自然》(Nature )5篇、《科學》(Science )2篇等)及多部專著章節。
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beat365官方网站學術論壇創辦于2020年9月,邀請國内外高校和研究機構高層次科技創新領軍學者就物理學及相關領域的基礎前沿探索、關鍵技術突破和熱點問題等做學術演講,旨在推進高質量學術交流,促進學科交叉融合和開拓新興特色方向研究,培養具有科學精神、全球視野、創新能力、批判性思維的優秀青年人才。
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聯系人:
洪浩 haohong@pku.edu.cn
