報告摘要:

More than 35 years after the discovery of non-conventional superconductivity in layered cuprates, a consistent picture of their special behavior is still missing. Experimental observations and theoretical hypotheses have been accumulating over the years, with scant advances in terms of clear-cut simplifications. The reason for that is in the deep entwining of charge, spin and lattice degrees of freedom that govern cuprates. In the last decade, resonant x-ray scattering (elastic and, mostly, inelastic, ie RIXS) has been providing observations helpful for the simplification of the picture. RIXS is especially well suited to study strongly correlated materials because it can probe all categories of excitations, ie charge, orbital, lattice and spin, and mixed ones. The energy of orbital (dd) and spin (magnon) excitations were definitely assessed by RIXS in parent compounds and in superconductors. And subtle properties of their nature can be now unveiled [1,2]. RIXS can also measure electron-phonon coupling in cuprates, and has revealed elusive charge order and associated fluctuations that are mixed with lattice modes [3]. Moreover, RIXS can detect the opening of the superconducting gap and of the pseudogap in YBCO [4]. Superconducting infinite-layer nickleates, the closest analogues of cuprates, are also being studied with RIXS very successfully [5]. I will provide an overview of the recent results on cuprates and nickelates obtained by our group, with an outlook to the new opportunities available at XFELs with time-resolved RIXS.

[1] Martinelli, L. et al,. Physical Review Letters, 132(6), 066004 (2024)

[2] Martinelli, L.et al., Phys. Rev. X, 12, 021041 (2022),

[3] Arpaia, R. et al., Nature Communications, 14, 7198 (2023)

[4] Merzoni, G. et al., Phys. Rev. B 109, 184506 (2024)

[5] F. Rosa et al.,arXiv:2406.09271

報告人簡介：

Giacomo Ghiringhelli于2001年獲得法國格勒諾布爾約瑟夫-傅裡葉大學物理學博士學位。此後，他一直在意大利米蘭理工大學物理系任教，自2017年起擔任正教授。他是歐洲同步加速器（ESRF）的用戶和訪問科學家。他通過設計高分辨率光譜儀（瑞士光源的SAXES、ESRF的ERIXS、歐洲XFEL的hRIXS）及其創新利用，領導了軟X射線共振非彈性X射線散射譜儀（RIXS）的發展；2018年，他與Lucio Braicovich一起獲得了歐洲物理學會凝聚态物理分會的歐洲物理學獎。他是意大利科學院（Accademia dei Lincei）和歐洲科學院（Academia Europaea）的會員。2022年，他還獲得了卡默林赫-昂内斯超導獎。自2022年起，他擔任ESRF科學顧問委員會主席。他的科研興趣包括通過共振X射線散射和X射線吸收光譜研究高溫超導體和其他量子材料的磁性和電子特性。

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